ABSTRACT
Background: Psychological conditions such as stress, anxiety, and depression are emerging challenges in healthcare systems. These disorders are recognized as very common problems among the nursing staff. During the COVID-19 period, nursing staff has been exposed to the highest risk of psychological disorders. The study aimed to examine the prevalence of depression, anxiety, and stress amongst Iranian nurses throughout the pandemic and to explore the possible factors related to each mental condition. Methods: A cross-sectional and web survey done from September 15 to December 15, 2020 amongst 1135 Iranian nurses. Stress, anxiety, and depression were measured using the Depression Anxiety Stress Scale-21 Items (DASS-21) during the COVID-19 pandemic. A logistic regression analysis was performed to recognize the predictors. Results: The prevalence of stress, anxiety, and depression was 75.6%, 79.2%, and 59.1%, respectively, among nurses. The outcomes of the multivariable logistic regression indicated that potential factors contributing to stress included female gender (odds ratio [OR] = 1.52), younger age (OR = 0.48), and work overload (OR = 1.73). Female gender (OR = 1.56), younger age (OR=0.27), and lower levels of education (OR = 0.50) were associated with high levels of anxiety. Also, lower education (OR=0.56), longer working hours (OR = 1.81), and working in intensive care units (OR = 1.67) significantly predicted a higher risk of depression symptoms in nurses. Conclusion: The present results showed that stress, anxiety, and depression were common amongst nurses working in public hospitals throughout the COVID-19 pandemic. Preventive measures, like psychological interventions, are suggested to decrease the risk of stress, anxiety, and depression among nurses;the identification of risk factors may also allow for more targeted interventions. There is an imperative need for diverse implementation strategies at all levels to decrease the psychological effect of the pandemic such as social support and psychological support in the workplace Keywords: Anxiety, COVID-19, Depression, Mental health, Nurses, Psychological disorders, Stress. © 2022 Pravnehistoricke Studie. All rights reserved.
ABSTRACT
Background and aim: The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between cardiovascular disease, Dental care and COVID-19. Method: In this systematic review and meta-analysis study, all English-language full-text articles published in international databases that listed the words COVID-19, SARS-COV-2, patients with COVID-19, Cardiovascular in PubMed, Scopus, Science Direct databases, Embase were reviewed between January 2019 and May 2022. Data analysis was performed using STATA.V16 software. Result: According to result Patients with cardiovascular disease are directly related to the progression of Covid-19 disease 1.07 (OR;95% CI 0.89 to 1.26;p=0.00). Mortality rate is directly related to cardiovascular disease and in these patients the mortality rate is higher (OR;95% CI 0.57 to 1.17;p=0.00). Conclusion: The findings of the present study indicate that patients with cardiovascular disease are associated with an increased risk of Covid-19 disease severity and death.